دانلود مقاله دوبل فارسی و انگلیسی مدل تیمار برای یائسگی یا پیری سالم
یک مدل مراقبتی برای پیری و یائسگی سالم گزارش وضعیت EMAS (جامعه اندروپوز و منوپوز اروپا)
دسته بندی | پزشکی |
فرمت فایل | |
حجم فایل | 580 کیلو بایت |
تعداد صفحات | 11 |
فهرستمقاله:
چکیده
1-مقدمه
2-مفهوم یائسگی سالم و پیری سالم
3-شواهد مربوط به خواسته های زنان
4-مراقبت های درمانی فعلی برای زنان یائسه
5-مدل مراقبت های درمانی برای یک یائسگی سالم
6- کاربردی سازی مدل مراقبت های درمانی HM
7- نتیجه گیری و پیشنهادات
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: 1- مقدمه |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: 1. Introduction The menopause can now be considered to be a mid-life event as the lifespan of women continues to increase in developed countries [1]. By the year 2025 the number of postmenopausal women is expected to rise to 1.1 billion worldwide. Although not all women will experience short- or long-term problems of menopause the high prevalence of hot flushes [2 3] and vaginal atrophy [2 4] which can lastfor many years as well as osteoporosis (1 in 3 women are at risk of an osteoporotic fracture)[5] makes caring for ageing women a key issue for health professionals. The European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) aims to provide holistic consensus advice on the management of menopausal women through its position statements and clinical guides [6]. This position statement intends to provide a model of care for (healthy) ageing menopausal women. 2. Concept of healthy ageing and healthy menopause Health and disease can be conceptualized as a continuum reflected by a dynamic balance between faced demands and an individual’s capacity to adapt physiologically psychologically and socially. That concept incorporates physical mental and social functioning which differs between individuals and changes due to ageing [7]. Healthy ageing includes survival to old age delay in the onset of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and optimal functioning for a maximal period at individual levels of body systems and cells. The conceptual framework of Active and Healthy Ageing (AHA) [8] incorporates items such as functioning (individ ual capability and underlying body systems) wellbeing activities and participation and diseases including NCDs. Signs of impaired function may act as markers of failure to reach developmental potential (“health resources”) accelerated ageing or underlying disease processes and offer opportunities for early intervention [9]. Furthermore markers of function and wellbeing above average (“health strengths”) may act as guidance for successful and sustainable interventions to reach best age- and lifestyle-related health status in an individual or epidemiological approach. The conceptual framework of the Healthy Menopause (HM) [7] breaks the AHA concept down to menopause regardless of when and why menopause occurs. Herein HM is defined as a dynamic state following the permanent loss of ovarian function characterized by self-perceived satisfactory physical psychological and social functioning incorporating disease and disability as well as a woman’s desired ability to adapt and capacity to self-manage. Thus HMincorporates bothobtainedanddevelopedresources aiming to maintain revisit adjust recover and improve that dynamic balance. Most importantly the conceptual HM framework encompasses women as a whole beyond their hormonal reproductive and physiological health. 3. Evidence of what women want Women’s conceptions of the menopausal transition are individual and incorporate both physical and psychological symptoms. However the menopausal transition has also been described in a more holistic view as a natural process affected by endocrine and lifestyle factors the psychological situation and ageing per se [10]. Ethnic and sociodemographic differences in menopausal symptom management have been observed. A US study [11] found that white women tended to focus on specific symptoms by seeking help through formal healthcare systems but ethnic minorities approached their symptoms more holistically by seeking help through their family members and friends. Thus medication for menopausal symptom relief was a first step for white women and a final step for ethnic minorities. Moreover attitudes towards the menopausaltransition may differ between women and their physicians [12]. Thus awareness and identification of women’s different perspectives are crucial for healthcare professionals as consultations regarding menopause-related matters constitute a significant part of the workload [13]. Despite the omnipresence of all kinds of media there is a lack of knowledge among women regarding menopause treatment options and possible risks associated with menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) [14–16] making informed decisions difficult for individual women. Furthermore some women may feel completely ignored by their healthcare providers [17]. Thus first of all women want their healthcare providers to start listening to what they report [17]. Secondly women want clear evidence-based information about the various hormonal and non-hormonal treatment options [16 18–21]. In addition they want to discuss and seek help for non-vasomotor menopause-related symptoms such as weight gain sleep disturbance tiredness moodiness low sexual desire and dyspareunia [22]. |
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